Kale m'zaka za m'ma 1800, pamene kusuta sikunali ndi chenjezo la thanzi, paketi iliyonse nthawi zambiri inali ndikhadi la nduduzithunzi zokongola kuphatikizapo ochita sewero otchuka, nyama ndi zombo. Zambiri zinajambulidwa ndi ojambula zithunzi kapena kusindikizidwa kuchokera ku mabuloko.
Lero,makadi a ndudu zimasonkhanitsidwa - ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamtengo wapatali - ndi zaka, zosowa, ndi mkhalidwe zomwe zimakhudza mtengo wawo. Chitsanzo chodziwika bwino ndi khadi lomwe lili ndi nyenyezi ya baseball yaku US Honus Wagner kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, imodzi mwa izo idagulitsidwa pa $7.25 miliyoni (zoposa £5.5 miliyoni) mu 2022.
Pambuyo pake chaka chimenecho, khadi losowa kwambiri la ndudu la wosewera mpira Steve Bloomer linagulitsidwa pamsika ku UK pa £25,900, ndipo msika ukadali wolimba mpaka pano.
Kotero, ngati mukufufuza m'chipinda chanu chapamwamba ndikupeza gulu lamakadi a ndudu, kodi mukukhala pa mgodi wagolide?
Malinga ndi Steve Laker, mkulu wa kampani ya London Cigarette Card Company, pali msika waukulu padziko lonse wa zinthu zosonkhanitsidwazi.
“Kusonkhanitsa makadi kukupitilirabe ngati chizolowezi chifukwa masiku ano mutha kugula ma seti pamtengo wotsika ngati £20,” akutero iye. “Kutchuka kwawo kukukulirakulira chifukwa anthu akuzindikira kuti khadi lomwe ali nalo likhoza kukhala ndi zaka 120 ndipo mfundo ndi chidziwitso chake chikadalembedwa ndi winawake panthawiyo, osati ndi katswiri wa mbiri yakale amene akuyang'ana mmbuyo.”
“Mwinamwake, mungakhale mutakhala pa mgodi wagolide,” akuwonjezera. “Chofunika kwambiri ndi gulu la anthu 20 okonda zisudzo omwe ali m'malo osiyanasiyana, opangidwa ndi Taddy's, omwe angapangitse ndalama zokwana £1,100 pa khadi lililonse.”
Nthawi yophukira kwamakadi a ndudu Zinali pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1920 ndi 1940. Zinachotsedwa kwakanthawi kuti zisunge mapepala panthawi ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse, ndipo sizinabwererenso pamlingo womwewo wa kupanga - ngakhale kuti zida zochepa zazing'ono zinapangidwa m'zaka zotsatira.
Nanga bwanji za makadi ena amtengo wapatali osonkhanitsira zinthu?
"Si makadi a fodya okha omwe amagulitsidwa. Mungakumbukire makadi a tiyi a Brooke Bond kapena bubblegum ochokera ku mapaketi a maswiti a Barratts ndi Bassetts, ndipo makadi oyambilira a mpira wamiyendo ndi ofunika mapaundi mazana ambiri pa seti," akutero Laker.
"Osewera otchuka a mpira wamiyendo mu seti A.1 kuyambira mu 1953 ndi ofunika £7.50 pa khadi lililonse kapena £375 pa seti ya 50. Ena mwa osewera a Brooke Bond Tea amafunidwa, monga Wild Flowers Series 1 (pepala lochepa) lomwe lili ndi mtengo wa £500."
Zingakhale zovuta kudziwa ngati muli ndi chinthu chamtengo wapatalimakadi a ndudu, chifukwa mtengo ungasiyane malinga ndi kusapezeka, momwe zinthu zilili komanso mwayi wopeza ndalama zogulitsira malonda - koma pali njira zoyambira kuwunika kwanu.
"Ma seti ena okongola adadulidwa ndi manja ndipo tikudziwa kuti pakhoza kukhala zokopera. Titha kuzindikira zimenezo mwachangu ndi makulidwe a khadi ndi momwe limaonekera. Wopanga ndudu aliyense adapereka makadi okhala ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana," akutero Laker.
"Makhadi oyambirira aku America anali ndi bolodi lolimba kwambiri, koma makhadi ambiri a WG ndi HO Wills, mwachitsanzo, anali ochepa kwambiri. Mtengo wake umachokera ku zosowa - mwachitsanzo, Wills ndi John Players adapanga makhadi mamiliyoni ambiri."
"Pakhoza kukhala zokopera, koma tidzadziwa ndi makulidwe a khadi ndi momwe limadulidwira. Koma mtengo wake umadalira kusiyana kwa khadi."
Kodi UKmakadi a nduduchofunika chilichonse?
Nkhani ya khadi yokhala ndi nyenyezi ya baseball yaku America Honus Wagner yomwe idapanga ndalama zoposa £5 miliyoni idadziwika kwambiri, koma bwanji za zomwe zidapangidwa ku UK?
Mwina sipangakhale ndalama zambiri zoti munthu apeze kuchokera ku khadi limodzi, koma mapangidwe okhala ndi osewera mpira, makamaka, ndi otchuka pamsika waku America.
"Panali osewera mpira onse a Cadet omwe tidawagulitsa pa £17.50, ndipo khadi limodzi mkati mwa seti imeneyo lomwe linali ndi Bobby Charlton linapita ku America ndipo linagulitsidwa pa $3,000 (pafupifupi £2,300)," akutero Laker.
"Khadi la Honus Wagner lomwe linkagulitsidwa mamiliyoni ambiri linali losowa ndipo zinangochitika kuti panali wogula panthawiyo - kaya lidzabwerenso mtengo umenewo, nthawi yokha ndi yomwe idzadziwike, chifukwa linkadalira kufunikira."
Kodi mkhalidwe wanu ndi wotanimakadi a ndudukudziwa mtengo wake?
Enamakadi a nduduZingawonongeke musanazigwire, chifukwa anthu ankazigunditsa pakhoma pamasewera - ndipo panali nthawi yomwe eni ake odzikuza ankazisunga mu pulasitiki yomwe inali ndi asidi, zomwe zinkaziwononga.
Mungaganize kuti kuika makadi anu mu album kungathandize kuwasunga, koma izi zitha kuchepetsa mtengo wake kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, ngati muli ndi seti ndipo mukufunitsitsa kuwamata, musalole kuti alowe mu chilakolakocho.
"Tili ndi njira zosiyanasiyana zosungira [makadi a ndudu],” akufotokoza Laker. “Pakati pa zaka za m’ma 1920 ndi 40, opanga ankatulutsa ma Albums kotero makadi ambiri anali atatsekedwa, koma mwatsoka zimenezo zimakhudza kwambiri mtengo wake chifukwa momwe msika ulili panopa, timapeza kuti osonkhanitsa amafuna kuona kumbuyo kwa makadi komanso mbali zake.
"Zimakhala zovuta kuziyika mu album kuti munene kuti mwamaliza kusonkhanitsa, koma mtengo wake umatsika ngati zasungidwa."
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-23-2024